Chemical Interaction of Ammonium Salt Fire Retardants and Resorcinol Resin Adhesives

The effects of ammonium salt fire-retardant chemicals on the pH and gelation rate of resorcinol-resin adhesives were attributed to the ammonium ion-formaldehyde interaction. Undesirable reactions were initiated when ammonium ions dissociated into free ammonia and hydrogen ions. The acidity of the adhesive was thereby increased while the rate of gelation increased. Some of the initial reaction products of the ammonia formaldehyde reaction caused rapid gelation of the resorcinol-resin adhesive. Efforts to suppress the ammonia-formaldehyde reaction without disturbing the normal polymerization process were not wholly successful.

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