A Review of Cell Wall Structure and Cellulose Synthesis

The structure of the cellulose cell wall is described on the basis of the cotton fiber as the “type specimen.” A review of current literature on cell wall structure is included covering fiber organization, structural domains, cuticle, primary wall, secondary wall, lumen, microfibrils, fibril structure, cellulose synthesis, and lignin. The presence of a true cell wall distinguishes plant cells from animal cells. With few exceptions, all plant cells have cellulose walls. In fiberous and woody tissues, a secondary wall, often very thick, exists inside the primary one. The arrangement of the structural elements within the cell wall determines the commercial usefulness of the wood or fiber derived from the plant.

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