Abrasive vs. Knife Planing

A surface quality and power requirement comparison of knife planing to abrasive planing was carried out on two production-type machines. Power requirements are linear as width of cut, depth of cut, and feed rate increase for knife planing and abrasive planing; but abrasive planing requires approximately six times more power planing parallel to the grain. Abrasive planing requires 20 to 25 percent less power across the grain than parallel to the grain. A knife-planed surface is generally of higher over-all quality than an abrasive-planed surface; however, the machining defects which do occur when knife planing extend farther below the surface and would require more subsequent processing to eliminate than scratches from abrasive planing. Further, as feed rate increases, knife planing surface quality decreases and abrasive planing surface quality remains constant. The information developed will help the production manager decide when to efficiently apply abrasive or knife planing and will show that production rates may be predetermined by projecting data for abrasive planing and knife planing.

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