Bonding of Particleboard Using Hydrogen Peroxide, Lignosulfonates, and Furfural Alcohol: Effects of Chemical Composition of Bonding Materials

Douglas-fir particleboards were prepared using a nonconventional bonding system involving activation of wood flakes with hydrogen peroxide and cross-linking with mixtures of ammonium lignosulfonate and/or furfuryl alcohol in relative proportions of 10/0, 9/1, 8/2, 7/3, 6/4, 5/5, 2.5/7.5, 0/10. Ferric chloride and maleic acid were used in various amounts as catalysts. The boards exhibited strength and resistance to cold water soaking and boiling water comparable to boards made with phenol-formaldehyde resin. The lignosulfonate/furfuryl alcohol mixtures developed better bonding properties than either of the two chemicals used alone. Optimal bonding properties (internal bond about 125 psi, modulus of rupture about 4,000 psi, modulus of elasticity about 814,000 psi, thickness swelling after 2 hours in boiling water about 22 percent) were obtained with a mixture of six parts of lignosulfonate and four parts of furfuryl alcohol. Increasing the amount of cross-linking chemicals sprayed on the particles improved all the properties of the boards. Increasing the amount of maleic acid did not affect materially the bonding, while increasing the amount of ferric chloride exerted a negative effect. The perceived advantages of this bonding system appear to be the facts that the chemicals are not petro chemical based and there would probably be little or no pollution related to the byproducts.

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