Composition, volume, and physical properties of the hardwood understory

Understories of mature hardwood stands contain many species, but most of the volume is concentrated in 6 to 10 of these. We examined six understory hardwood species (yellow-poplar, red maple, white oak, red oak, dogwood, and hickory) at two locations to determine volume yields and tree physical properties. Average aboveground volumes of total trees, including crown, ranged from 1.0 to 1.4 cubic feet. Green and dry weight per cubic foot values were about the same as those reported for dominant and codominant trees. Bark yield of understory trees ranged from 15 to 17 percent of dry weight in dogwood to 27 to 29 percent in hickory.

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