Control of Fungal Sap Stain with Alkaline Solutions of Quaternary Ammonium Compounds and with Tertiary Amine Salts

Sodium carbonate improved the effectiveness of quaternary ammonium compounds in controlling fungal sap stain in laboratory tests. Treated 30-by 2.5-by 10- to 25-cm boards were inoculated with staining fungi and stored for 30 to 50 days at 25?C and high RH. Nine quanternary ammonium compounds (with sodium carbonate) and three tertiary amine salts were screened in the laboratory at 0.5 percent concentration for effectiveness in controlling sap stain on Pinus strobus. Trimethylammonium chloride was the most effective, comparable to a sodium pentachlorophenate (0.5 percent) borax (1.5 percent) standard. In a field test in eastern Canada, trimethylammonium chloride at 0.5 percent and at 0.25 percent concentration, both with 5 percent sodium carbonate, per formed better than sodium pentachlorophenate (0.5 percent) plus borax (1.5 percent). Five percent sodium carbonate also controls brown stain in Pinus strobus.

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