Extractives of Hardwood Wastes as Sources of Chemicals

As a result of development in the field of factionation of the extractives of aspen bark and leaves, the author has reported the isolation in quantity and identification of a number of important components of aspen bark and leaves during the past few years. Notable compounds reported include quercetin-3-glucosiduronic acid from bigtooth aspen leaves; salicyloylsalicin, salicyloylsalicin-2-benzoate, and salicyloylsalicin-6-benzoate from the barks and leaves of quaking and bigtooth aspens; trichocarpen from the barks of balsam poplar and northern black cottonwood; gentisic acid from balsam poplar bark; trichocarposide from northern black cottonwood bark; 1-0-p-coumaroy-b-D-glucose from triploid quaking aspen bark; and myo-inositol, succinic acid, rhamnetin, and several glycosides of quercetin from the leaves of quaking aspen. Mass spectrometry was applied to known structures, and the relationships evolved were employed for the determination of unknown structures. Thus, it was demonstrated that the structure of the well-known salireposide found in essentially all Populus and Salix species possessed the structure of the beta-glucoside of the benzoyl ester of gentisyl alcohol rather than the previously reported 6-0- benzoyl ester, of the beta-glucoside of gentisyl alcohol. Other compounds isolated are vimalin, fragilin, triandrin, and salidroside.

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