Fundamental Concepts Concerning Mechanics of Wood Deformation: Strength and Plastic Behavior of Wood

The applications to wood of the various formulae defining strength and strain behavior of wood are discussed. Wood reacts as a ductile material when stressed uniaxially in compression and as a brittle material when stressed uniaxially in tension. The assumption necessarily made to apply the various theories to nonhomogeneous materials stressed orthotropically are enumerated for strength predicting equations dealing with the elastic and plastic behavior of wood, and those viscoelastic strength theories which recognize the time dependence of wood. The fracture-strength relationships and statistical considerations required to predict failure of a specimen are considered. Strain theory is presented with examples of recent research in which a limiting strain-strength hypothesis seems valid. Morphological studies of failures do not show that fracture universally initiates or propogates from through any specific section of the cell wall.

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