Impact Modulus of Elasticity in Wood: A Relationship of Impact Values to Static and Dynamic Measurements

The validity of Young’s modulus determined by the standard incremental impact method was investigated by a series of tests on 29 beams of beech, okoume, and red spruce. The beams were tested nondestructively in static bending, dynamic vibration, and impact, then were broken by the standard method. Calculations of E employing an acceleration formula by Elemendorf and a formula based on kinetic energy of the hammer resulted in mean values closer to those determined by static bending than calculations with the standard formula. The mean ratio of E values for standard impact to static bending was 2.747 ? 0.256. Calculation by a formula based on kinetic energy of the hammer gave mean values for ratios of impact/static E within 3.7 percent of those calculated by Elmendorf’s formula. The mean ratio value for MOE was 1.008 ? 0.0215, when comparing flexural dynamic vibration to static bending.

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