The work in this article reports on 1980-1981 research of phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resins modified with Kraft lignin, lignosulfonate lignin, and Masonite wet-process spent ?sludge? lignin, as well as 100 percent lignin binders for wet-process fiberboard. Resin development, fiberboard physical/mechanical test results, and process/ laboratory test procedures are discussed. A variety of lignin types were found to be satisfactory bonding agents for hardboard, substituting for 25 to 100 percent of the PF control binder. Techniques for utilization of Masonite sludge as a source of lignin for modified PF resins were demonstrated.
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