The Relationship Between the Cutting Properties of Wood and Its Physical and Mechanical Properties

The validity of the postulate that the indentation phase of cutting in a plane perpendicular to the grain may be terminated by failure in tension parallel to the grain, has received some confirmation by the success of models developed on the theory of beams on elastic foundations. Beam models react to variations in species, moisture content, cutting angle, and chip thickness in a manner close to reality. The elastic moduli transverse to the grain appear to be highly important, accounting for the dominant effect of moisture content on cutting force. Theoretical results obtained from the derived model were compared with two sets of experimental cutting data. For sugar pine, yellow birch, and white ash mechanical properties were obtained from matched material. For eastern white pine, yellow-poplar, and sugar maple, species means were taken from the Wood Handbook as a test of the general applicability of the solutions.

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