Warp Reduction in Young-Growth Ponderosa Pine Studs Dried By Different Methods with Top-Load Restraint

Studs sawed from small diameter, young-growth ponderosa pine suffer severe warp when dried. The feasibility of using a top load restraint of 200 pounds per square foot during drying was evaluated for material which was air-dried, kiln-dried at conventional temperatures, and high-temperature dried. Of the three methods, kiln-drying with top restraint at conventional temperatures was found to be best, this method leading to a 17 percent increase in the number of studs meeting grade requirements. The major cause of degrade was found to be crook, with bow and twist less important. Data on warp development as related to final MC is also reported.

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